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Kathleen Antonelli
Kathleen "Kay" McNulty Mauchly Antonelli (12 February,〔While her official date of birth is always listed as 12 February, Antonelli herself suspected she may have been born on 13 February, the date having been "fudged" by her family according to a common practice out of Irish triskaidekaphobic superstition.〕 1921 – 20 April 2006) was one of the six original programmers of the ENIAC, the first general-purpose electronic digital computer.
==Early life and education==
She was born Kathleen Rita McNulty in the small village of Creeslough in the Gaeltacht area (Irish-speaking region) of County Donegal, Ireland on 12 February 1921 during the Irish War of Independence. On the night of her birth, her father, James, who was an Irish Republican Army training officer, was arrested and imprisoned in Derry Gaol for two years. On his release, the family emigrated to the United States in October 1924 and settled in Pennsylvania where James McNulty established a successful stonemasonry business.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.donegaldiaspora.ie/people/kathleen-antonelli )〕 At the time, Kathleen was unable to speak any English, only Gaelic; she would remember prayers in Gaelic for the rest of her life.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.dun-na-ngall.com/nw69.html )〕
She attended parochial grade school in Chestnut Hill and Hallahan Catholic Girls High School in Philadelphia. In high school, she had taken a year of algebra, a year of plane geometry, a second year of algebra, and a year of trigonometry and solid geometry.〔Autumn Stanley: Mothers and Daughters of Invention: Notes for a Revised History of Technology, The Scarecrow Press, 1993, pp.442/443, ISBN 0-8135-2197-1〕 After graduating high school, she enrolled in Chestnut Hill College for Women. During her studies, she took every mathematics course offered, including spherical trigonometry, differential calculus, projective geometry, partial differential equations, and statistics.〔 She graduated with a degree in mathematics in June 1942, one of only a few mathematics majors out of a class of 92 women.〔
During her third year of college, Kathleen looking for relevant jobs, knowing that she wanted to work in mathematics but did not want to be a schoolteacher. She learned that insurance companies' actuarial positions required a master's degree; therefore, feeling that business training would make her more employable, she took as many business courses as her college schedule would permit: accounting, money and banking, business law, economics, and statistics.
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